In patients with end-stage renal disease, what is critical to monitor before dialysis?

Monitoring serum electrolytes, particularly potassium levels, in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) before dialysis is crucial for several reasons. As kidney function declines, the kidneys lose their ability to excrete potassium effectively, leading to potential hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels). This condition can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, making it imperative to check potassium levels prior to initiating dialysis.

Dialysis not only provides a means to remove excess potassium but also helps correct other electrolyte imbalances. If significant hyperkalemia is detected, it may necessitate urgent intervention before the patient undergoes dialysis to prevent complications during the treatment.

While monitoring blood glucose levels, hemoglobin levels, and liver enzyme levels can be important in various clinical contexts, they do not specifically address the immediate risks associated with renal failure and impending dialysis. Ensuring that potassium levels are within a safe range directly impacts the safety and effectiveness of the dialysis process, highlighting its critical role in patient monitoring prior to the procedure.