In the care of a client receiving heparin, which two signs of bleeding should the nurse specifically monitor for?

Monitoring for signs of bleeding in a patient receiving heparin is critical due to the medication's anticoagulant effects. Heparin increases the risk of hemorrhage, making it essential for healthcare providers to recognize indications that the patient may be experiencing bleeding.

Petechiae are small, pinpoint red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin's surface, while bruising occurs when blood vessels are damaged and blood leaks into the surrounding tissue, creating a discoloration. These manifestations are direct indicators of potential bleeding and suggest that the patient’s blood clotting ability may be compromised due to heparin use. Detecting and acting upon these signs promptly can be life-saving and is therefore a key aspect of nursing care for clients on heparin therapy.

In contrast, fever and chills may indicate an infection, while nausea and vomiting can arise from a variety of conditions, not specifically related to bleeding. Headaches and dizziness may also signal other health issues, such as dehydration or a reaction to the medication, but are not direct indicators of bleeding. Therefore, focusing on the specific signs of bleeding, such as petechiae and bruising, is crucial in managing patients on heparin.