What dietary modification is most beneficial for a patient with hypertension?

Reducing sodium intake is considered the most beneficial dietary modification for a patient with hypertension. High sodium levels can lead to increased blood pressure as the body retains more fluid in an effort to balance the sodium concentration, which in turn increases the volume of blood circulating in the arteries. Lowering sodium intake can help decrease vascular resistance and lead to improved blood pressure control.

While increasing fiber intake is generally positive for overall health and can contribute to heart health, it does not specifically target sodium's effect on blood pressure. Increasing carbohydrate intake doesn't address hypertension directly and can sometimes lead to weight gain if not balanced appropriately. Reducing protein intake is not typically recommended for managing hypertension and could potentially have adverse effects on overall health if it leads to a deficiency in essential nutrients. Thus, focusing on reducing sodium intake is the most effective dietary strategy for managing and lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension.