What result indicates a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) in a client with HIV?

A positive tuberculin skin test (TST) in a client with HIV is indicated by an induration of 5 mm or more. This is because individuals with HIV are at a significantly higher risk for tuberculosis (TB) infection, and their immune response may not be as robust. Therefore, even a small amount of induration is considered significant in this population.

In healthy individuals, the thresholds for positive results are higher, generally 10 mm or more for people with no known risk factors. However, due to the compromised immune status associated with HIV, health guidelines recognize that a 5 mm induration is sufficient to indicate a positive result. This allows for the early identification and treatment of TB in those at increased risk, ultimately preventing the progression of the disease in vulnerable populations.