Which condition is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels?

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels due to the body's inability to produce enough insulin or effectively use the insulin it produces. This condition results in hyperglycemia, which is a key diagnostic criterion for diabetes. Individuals with diabetes may experience prolonged elevated glucose levels, leading to various complications if not managed properly.

Understanding the other conditions can help clarify why they are not the correct answer. Hypoglycemia refers to abnormally low blood sugar levels, which is the opposite of what is seen in diabetes. Hypertension is related to high blood pressure and does not necessarily involve changes in blood glucose levels. Hyperlipidemia pertains to elevated lipid levels in the blood, particularly cholesterol and triglycerides, and is not directly associated with blood sugar levels. Therefore, diabetes mellitus is the condition most explicitly linked to elevated blood sugar levels.